The Sequential Estimation Models for Destination and Modal Split with Soft Computing
نویسنده
چکیده
1.は じめに 近年、交通政策の影響を微視的に捉えるために、個人 レベルでの精緻な交通現象解析の必要性が課題となって いる1)。そこで、本研究ではアクティビティアプローチ の枠組みで個人の1日 の交通行動を記述する交通行動モ デルを構築する。ここでは、まず個人が交通行動を決定 する際の意思決定過程をモデル化する。つぎに、意思決 定過程におけるいくつかの判断を段階的推定モデルで表 現する。このとき、ソフトコンピューティングを利用 し た交通行動記述を試みる。ソフ トコンピューティングは、 経路選択および交通手段選択においてその適用性が確認 されている2),3)。 本研究で検討する段階的交通行動推定モデルの部分 プロセスについては、既存研究で作成されている4-6)。こ の段階的推定モデルの構築のためには、さらに目的地選 択モデルと交通手段選択モデルを作成する必要がある。 本研究ではこれらのモデルを作成する。ここで目的選択 においては、移動可能な目的地選択にあいまいな判断が 生じる。また交通手段選択においては、統計的表現の難 しい知識や経験に基づいた判断の記述が必要である。そ こで、本研究では 「ファジィ推論」などのソフトコンピ ューティングを用いて、人間の判断過程を明示的に表現 する。これにより、交通行動についての理解が容易とな り、都市交通政策に対する的確な需要予測が可能となる。
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